PERSEPSI PERAWATAN MANDIRI PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32584/jpi.v3i2.317Keywords:
Tuberkulosis, perawatan mandiri, persepsiAbstract
Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh kontaminasi bakteri. Masalah ini telah menjadi perhatian dan kewaspadaan dunia secara global karena tingkat infeksi dan kematiannya yang tinggi. Salah satu upaya tingkat pemulihannya adalah kemampuan pasien melakukan perawatan diri yang terdiri dari pengobatan, pencegahan dan infeksi, pemenuhan nutrisi, dan peningkatan kepercayaan diri pasien. Kemampuan mereka melakukan perawatan diri akan memaksimalkan proses pengobatan yang lengkap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi pasien tuberkulosis tentang perawatan mandiri di Puskesmas Sentosa Baru, Medan. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 18 pasien, diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dari Oktober, 2018 hingga Januari 2019. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok besar untuk mendapatkan data yang baik yaitu kelompok pasien tuberkulosis yang sedang menjalani pengobatan, kelompok pasien yang gagal dalam pengobatan dan kelompok pasien yang sukses dalam pengobatan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisa kualitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh dari FGD dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada lima tema: 1) kurangnya pemahaman pasien tuberkulosis tentang tuberkulosis, 2) kurangnya pemahaman pasien tuberculosis tentang perawatan mandiri tuberkulosis, 3) kurangnya kesadaran dalam melakukan perawatan mandiri, 4) hambatan implementasi perawatan mandiri, 5) faktor pendukung pelaksanaan perawatan mandiri pasien tuberkulosis. Penelitian telah menghasilkan persepsi pasien tuberkulosis tentang perawatan mandiri. Perawatan mandisi diperlukan untuk keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkulosis sehingga dapat dinyatakan berhasil menjalankan perawatan mandiri hingga akhir. Kata kunci: Tuberkulosis; perawatan mandiri; persepsi Abstract Perception of mandiri tuberculosis patient care. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacterial contamination. This problem has become a global concern and awareness because of the high rates of infection and death. One of the efforts to restore the level is the ability of patients to carry out self-care which consists of treatment, prevention and infection, fulfillment of nutrition, and increased patient confidence. Their ability to carry out self-care will maximize the complete treatment process. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of tuberculosis patients about self-care at Sentosa Baru Health Center, Medan. The design of this study is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. This study uses qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach. Participants in this study were 18 patients, taken using a purposive sampling technique from October, 2018 to January 2019. Participants in this study were divided into three large groups to obtain good data, namely groups of tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment, groups of patients who failed treatment and groups of patients who are successful in treatment. The collected data was analyzed using qualitative analysis. Qualitative data was obtained from the FGD and in-depth interviews. The results showed that there were five themes: 1) lack of understanding of tuberculosis patients about tuberculosis, 2) lack of understanding of tuberculosis patients on tuberculosis self-care, 3) lack of awareness in carrying out self-care, 4) barriers to implementation of self-care, 5) supporting factors for treatment implementation independent tuberculosis patients. Research has produced tuberculosis patients' perceptions of self-care. Maintenance mandates are needed for the success of tuberculosis treatment so that it can be declared successful in running self-care until the end..Keywords: Tuberculosis; self care; persepsionReferences
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