SUPERVISI KLINIK DALAM PELAYANAN KEPERAWATAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT

Abstract

AbstrakPerawat memiliki berbagai kompetensi yang harus dikuasai dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien. Kompetensi perawat sangat luas, mencakup praktik profesional, etis, legal, peka budaya, pemberian asuhan, manajemen asuhan keperawatan, pengembangan kualitas personal dan profesional. Supervisi klinik menjadi syarat penting untuk memantau penerapan kompetensi perawat, sehingga dapat tercipta kinerja yang memuaskan. Kinerja perawat yang belum mencapai standar yang telah ditetapkan DEPKES RI, dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya tindakan – tindakan yang tidak sesuai SOP, kurang baiknya dalam pemberian pelayanan keperawatan, sehingga menimbulkan cedera, kerugian, bahkan komplain dari pasien dan masyarakat. Kejadian tersebut dapat menimbulkan penurunan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dan penurunan tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap profesi perawat. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya solusi yang tepat untuk mempertahankan kualitas pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi klinik terhadap peningkatan kompetensi perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sistematic review melalui pencairan database, scanning, dan screening 8 artikel dari 90 artikel yang didapat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya perbedaan pelayanan keperawatan, ditunjukkan dari peningkatan kompetensi perawat yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perawat. Kinerja perawat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal yang meliputi kepatuhan dokumentasi keperawatan dan kepatuhan cuci tangan five moment. Sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi penurunan burnout, peningkatan lingkungan kerja, dan penurunan risiko jatuh. Dari berbagai jurnal menunjukkan bahwa superfisi klinik dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap kinerja perawat baik secara internal maupu eksternal. Banyaknya dampak positif supervisi klinik di rumah sakit dapat menjadi acuan agar supervisi klinik terus di lakukan di rumah sakit. Adanya supervisi klinik yang dilakukan dengan tepat diharapakan kegiatan asuhan keperawatan dapat terus ditingkankan sesuai kompetensi perawat. Kata kunci: Supervisi klinik, perawat, kompetensi perawat, kinerja perawat AbstractClinical supervision in nursing services as an efforts to improve nurse competency in hospitals. Nurses have various competencies that must be mastered in providing nursing care to patients. Nurses' competencies are very broad, covering professional, ethical, legal, cultural-sensitive practices, providing care, nursing care management, developing personal and professional qualities. Clinical supervision is an important requirement for monitoring the application of nurse competencies, so that satisfactory performance can be created. The performance of nurses who have not reached the standards set by the RI Ministry of Health, can result in actions that are not in accordance with the SOP, poor in providing nursing services, causing injury, loss, even complaints from patients and the public. These events can lead to a decrease in the quality of health services and a decrease in the level of public trust in the nursing profession. Therefore it is necessary to have the right solution to maintain service quality. This study aims to determine the effect of clinical supervision on improving nurse competency. This research uses sistematic review method through database disbursement, scanning, and screening 8 articles from 90 articles obtained. The results showed that there were differences in nursing services, indicated by an increase in nurses 'competencies which had an effect on nurses' performance. Nurse performance is influenced by internal factors which include compliance with nursing documentation and compliance with five-moment hand washing. While external factors include a decrease in burnout, an increase in the work environment, and a reduced risk of falling. From various journals, it was shown that clinical superfissions can have a positive impact on the performance of nurses both internally and externally. The many positive effects of clinical supervision in hospitals can be a reference for clinical supervision to continue at the hospital. The existence of clinical supervision carried out appropriately is expected that nursing care activities can continue to be increased according to nurses' competencies. Keywords: Clinical supervision, nurses, nurse competencies, nurse performance